© Mark Boykov, 2020

© International Union of writers, 2020

Boykov Mark Vasliyevich

Mark Boykov was born on September 12, 1938. During the war he was raised in the orphanage of the village Pistsovo of Komsomolsky district, Ivanovo region. Mark Boykov started his studies in Ivanovo in 1947. He was taken to the family of his father, who was a disabled war veteran of the first group in vision, and his wife, a nurse, and his stepmother. In 1950 entered the Gorky Suvorov military school, which he graduated from in 1958 in connection with his transfer to Moscow, and was sent to the Odessa higher combined arms command school, from which he was discharged in 1960 for health reasons.

Received his professional education at the faculty of philosophy of the Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov in 1961 –66, taking up and defending for the first time on the “Problem of partisanship in the conditions of socialism” on the Troika. Later worked as a teacher of philosophy at universities in Volgograd and Moscow.

Raised a son. Was awarded a medal for the 850th anniversary of Moscow for the excellent work as a janitor.

Бойков Марк Васильевич

Родился 12 сентября 1938 года. В войну воспитывался в детдоме села Писцово Комсомольского района Ивановской области. Учебу начал в г. Иваново в 1947 г., будучи взят в семью отца, инвалида войны I группы по зрению, и его жены, медсестры, мачехи для меня. В 1950-м поступил в Горьковское суворовское военное училище, которое в связи с переводом в Москву окончил в 1958 г., и был направлен в Одесское высшее общевойсковое командное училище, из которого в 1960-м был демобилизован по состоянию здоровья.

Профессиональное образование получил на философском факультете Московского государственного университета им. М. В. Ломоносова в 1961 –66 годах, взявшись и впервые защитившись по «Проблеме партийности в условиях социализма» на тройку. Работал в последующем преподавателем философских дисциплин в вузах Волгограда и Москвы.

Воспитал сына. За безупречную работу дворником был награжден медалью к 850-летию Москвы.

Why has the Communism Still not Turned Out?
(Who is guilty? What should be done? Where to go?)
Political essay

Who is guilty?

The communism is neither Marx’s fantasy, nor the dream of poor men and beggars. Pressed down by need they can’t simply imagine what it is. The communism also not is a project of communists’ sect that have suddenly believed in their emancipating mission and in the least it is the final deadlock as many think nowadays after liberal-reformers. The Communism is the cause of History, the common cause of its all participants, it is the History itself. Having begun in far days of tribe communism, it proceeds until now as continuous progress to more perfect, civilized forms. Exactly the history is the progress of communism.

Judge by yourself: the production grows and every new epoch makes the number of the people who are quite content with their lives become greater and greater.

Owing to co-production we find surplus of a product appeared already in days of the tribe communism, and a leisure time following it. The surplus increases resulting in exchange of surpluses’ appearing. Afterwards however we could observe the people’s stratification on rich and poor as the result of control ́ loss over a product instead of the growth of leisure time for everybody. The surplus of a product, disappearing in one place arises in another one – now not as a part as common welfare but as appropriated, personified riches. As a matter of fact the communism is product’s constant increasing and this increasing product is alienated by some representatives of a society to their best advantage. So we could say the communism is the movement from public ownership to communism for the few (certainly an opposite side of the process appeared as simultaneous aspiring communism for everybody). The times of slave-owing, feudalism, capitalism are only steps of this constant movement connected with the further growth of the public product. That’s why in the certain sense the communism was an invention of richmen. It was them who lived within the limits of a principle “Everybody works according to its abilities, everybody gets according to its needs”. In terms of insufficient production it surely means living for the another’s account. Why has the things gone that way?

Every person is born having inside one basic contradiction, the contradiction between abilities and needs. The abilities represent a creative part of person, the needs – the consumer one. While implementing abilities, the person spends his energy, spends himself, on the contrary while satisfying needs, everybody receives energy, recover himself. In a primitive tribe society these processes were more or less counterbalanced as it was in Nature.

The struggle, sharp or moderate, was, is and will be going between those two poles. The result of that struggle is the victory of one or another side. Creative or consumer part of human nature has been constantly dominated first as psychological and then as social dominant of behavior.

The person appears as creator and consumer simultaneously but acts much more definitely in one or another of these roles. Hence, all human community was primary shared and now it shares on creators and consumers. Marx did not manage to propose the complete and comprehensive picture of materialistic understanding of person, but had formulated the basic regulating principle of the future communistic society. It’s familiar to you as “Everybody works according to its abilities, everybody gets according to its needs” or “From everyone – in accordance with person’s ability, to everybody – in accordance with person ́s labour” and it was a real key to understanding. Nowadays we have quite realized, that it were the very consumers who had been allocated and risen upward to become exploiters and oppressors while creators gradually were felling downwards and had joined the suppressed crowd of humiliated persons.

The consumer grasped everything while the worker worked, and eventually the consumer turned to become a Big Lord. The spare time that had been pulled out from paws of Nature by common efforts of mankind, has became the private property of a few persons. Afterwards crystallized time brought one person to domination, another – to submission and enthrallment. It is also true for intrafamily relations.

It was so in the past and so is nowadays but if the mankind proceeds in the same direction in future the mankind will inevitably be lost. The Consumers are “a dark hole” of a human society. Despite of huge growth of productive power of mankind, this mouth is insatiable. The world supremacy of consumers approaches the hour of the Globe Catastrophe. The nature has no strength any more to cope with their appetites. Unfortunately it is not the forecast, it is already the diagnosis.

Meanwhile the existing level of production and labor productivity allows the communism actually would be widespread by the decree worldwide right now. And the only thing we need for it – a world government. Look, what enormous riches are concentrated in some states, in some strata, in the hands of some persons, what a huge army of well paid militaries and policemen, protect this Pyramid of Riches! Still in reality this protection is totally useless, in fact it’s a grandiose waste of resources. What a crowd of bureaucrats and representatives of mass-media, more exactly, footmen-journalists, produce new and new different cultural and scientific fictions to justify the order of things favourable to consumers! Let’s summarize and understand that just reorganization (including the general disarmament, the balanced reorientation of manufacture, redistribution of investments and products) would make it possible all over the world! This could be an important a step to general maintenance of needs, to 2–3 hour working day with two or three working days a once a week.

Again I speak not about “everything should be to taken away and divided”, certainly no. The Marxism never preached this platitude that different «nemtsovs and hakamadas» (T: – Russian politicians of sharp-liberal orientation) try to attribute to Marxism for to look more clever themselves. The mankind needs less it produces nowadays for to live in situation of permanent glover. That is why the communism is not only possible – in fact it is comprehensively provided.

And was it a real reason why no Communism is now? Why it hasn’t appeared, hasn’t been built – choose any term you like – hasn’t appeared for everybody? I think because it has been again appropriated by some elite. It had been taken away from people by exploiters before the 1917, it also has been stolen by political elite, by nomenclature and bureaucracy in Soviet epoch after the Great Revolution. They also had no need for Communism as their own consumer ambitions were much more closer to them than any social needs.

Though the privileges which the Soviet elite had possessed could hardly be compared to that great robbery that was committed by the same elite under a pretext of so-called liberal reforms.

Those who should bear burden of the responsibility for safety of the public property has appeared to be its main thief. They had knowledge, official and personal communications, acquaintances, the access to special and secret information, the right of signature, and the most important, they had time to carry out their intentions and plans. At the same time the worker had to work all day long and could hardly find time to restore himself. Therefore Chubays’s (T: A. Chubays was of the key figures in Russian politics in 1991–2008, the “father” of Russian privatization) assurances about equal starting opportunities during privatization were not simple lie of bad-qualified economist, but do the street swindler’ dirty tricks. While “reforming” the nomenclature has shown its true face and has proved thus it represents far from being the moral leader of a society.

In a sense, certainly, everybody was guilty. Still the fault of the ordinary worker and the top-manager’s one differs greatly. The worker pressed and limited by system in many cases is compelled to act definitely.

Here is an example of former “order”. It would help to understand better who and how is responsible for our failure.

Suppose there is a daily work-quota or rate of output (WQ). The worker who carries out WQ produces 100 pieces of something and gets suppose 100 rubbles a month. Still such wages is not sufficient for a worker and he wants to overcome the task producing 120 pieces and so getting 110 rubles (100 daily + 10 for the exceeding). Everybody wants to live better and so the exceeding of WQ becomes the mass phenomenon. Then the factory management raised rates of output and accordingly reduced quotations so that work-quota was up to 120 pieces. Things’ going that way meant the worker returned to previous earning (100 rubles).

At the same time however person’s commodities have rather grown than decreased. The person matures, marries, that marriage brings children and those children begun also maturing. With those circumstances’ pressure the person adapts for the set work-quotas and starts exceeding the rates of output again. And once more the factory management was not appeased, and again the old norms and quotations had been revised and reset. In some places it took place more often, in other ones – more seldom, somewhere the process appeared to be very sharp, somewhere as just moderate. But it was the practice which to result in bloody accidents in Novocherkassk (T: – the city in the south of Russia where the workers demonstration against price-rising was shooted down) in 1962. The common intensity inevitably should blow up in any local place where the negative energy had been for some reason focused. So the elements of the protest and force of the weapon intrude into economy.